What factors determine pearl quality?
While no international grading system exists for pearls, there are seven factors that determine a pearl's value. They are: size, luster, shape, color, nacre thickness, surface characteristics and matching. These vary from pearl to pearl and should be considered prior to purchase.

What is a cultured pearl?
A cultured pearl is a real pearl, made from the same substance as a natural pearl. The difference: Cultured pearls get their start with a little nudge. Rather than waiting for nature to take its course, man deliberately places an irritant—a mother-of-pearl bead is often used—in the mollusk to stimulate the secretion of aragonite (calcium carbonate) and conchiolin. These substances, when layered around the irritant, form a pearl. Today's cultured pearls rival the beauty of natural pearls; indeed it can be very difficult to tell them apart.

What is a freshwater pearl?
A freshwater pearl is a pearl that has been formed in a freshwater mollusk, rather than an oyster that lives in the sea. Typically, people think freshwater pearls are rice-shaped, but in fact they come in all shapes, including round. Like marine pearls, round freshwater pearls are the rarest, most desirable and most valuable shape. It is difficult to find perfectly round pearls of similar size and color to match for a strand, which is why matched strands are more expensive than other types of pearl jewelry. Unlike oysters, freshwater mollusks can produce more than one pearl at a time, but the process is still at Mother Nature's mercy. Out of the thousands of animals that are implanted with irritants, it is still rare to get a commercially acceptable pearl.

How much can I expect to spend?
Today, pearls are wildly popular, both with traditionalists who prefer classic strands and those who favor more modern designs of pearls combined with other materials. Many factors affect pearl jewelry prices including color, style, length, and size, however, compared to other gems, pearls are very affordable. When purchasing jewelry, keep in mind that pearls are meant to be worn, so don't skimp on quality. Buy the best you can afford. You can get excellent pearl jewelry for much less than you would pay for jewelry made from other desired gems. Whatever your budget, from $50 to $50,000, you can find nice pearl jewelry.

Why do price discrepancies exist?
Quite simply, because quality can vary so much. Strands of large, round, perfectly matched pearls with 100 percent solid nacre and beautiful luster are rare and will cost more than pearls that are irregularly-shaped, mismatched in size, are dull or have obvious blemishes. Pearls from jewelry stores may be more expensive because retail outlets have much greater overhead costs. It is best to compare two or three pieces from different sources; once you do, the differences in quality will become readily apparent. Don't be fooled by high prices—they don't always signify quality gems.

What color pearls should I buy?
Color is an individual choice. Beautiful pearls exist in a wide variety of colors, but traditional creamy white pearls are still the most popular. Although individual color preferences vary, it is best to choose pearls that will flatter the skin tone of the wearer.

How do I care for my pearl jewelry?
Given some simple care, pearl jewelry can last for generations. Although they have a low hardness compared to other gems, the density of pearls makes them surprisingly durable. But pearls are perishable. Substances like perfume, vinegar, hairspray, inks, and perspiration can damage the nacre, as can chlorine. It is best to remove pearl jewelry before swimming and showering, and to put pearls on only after makeup, perfume and hairspray have been applied. Unlike a gemstone, a pearl cannot be polished; once the surface is damaged, it cannot be restored to its natural beauty. Store pearls in a separate pouch or box away from other gems that could rub against them and scratch their surface. To clean pearls, rub them with a soft cloth. If soap is needed, use a non-abrasive cleaner such as hand soap. Let your pearls air dry fully before you wear them again. Never use bleach, abrasive cleaners, or an ultrasonic jewelry cleaner. It may be necessary to have your pearl necklace or pearl bracelet restrung if they are worn frequently.